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heart diseases heart disease Coronary Heart Disease Definition: Decreased flow of blood through the coronary arteries, usually caused by atherosclerosis. This results in a decreased oxygen supply to the heart muscle and can cause reduced function of the heart muscle and destruction of heart muscle cells (myocardial infarction or ? heart attack.?) ICD-9 codes 410-414, 429.2. ICD-10 codes I20-I25. Summary Coronary heart disease accounted for 8,613 deaths in Washington in 2000 ( age-adjusted death rate: 159 per 100,000). Coronary heart disease is the leading cause of death and lost life expectancy in Washington and in the United States, accounting for one of every five deaths. 1 Many of these deaths can be prevented or delayed by reducing known risk factors, such as tobacco use, physical inactivity, high blood cholesterol, high blood pressure, diabetes, ...

“Hormone Replacement Therapy in Postmenopausal Women and Heart Disease ” Dearing W. Johns, MD UVa Heart Center Cardiologist July 17, 2002, Omni Hotel Lessons from recent double blind randomized control trials (see page 2 for references) Healthy women and heart attack 1) Estrogen and progesterone (Prempro) do not protect healthy women from heart attack (WHI, July 2002). Women with pre-existing coronary artery disease and further heart attack 2) Estrogen and progesterone do not protect women who have had a first heart attack or who have evidence of coronary artery disease from having progression of disease or another heart attack (HERS August 1998 and ERA). Risk of vein clots 3) There is increased risk of venous clotting when estrogen and progesterone are first used (probably through the first year or two). Those women at highest risk for developing ...

50 Years of Heart Disease in Ireland 50 Years of Heart Disease in Ireland Mortality, Morbidity and Health Services Implications February 2001 Heart For PDF 5/9/2 2:41 PM Page 20 Page 2 Acknowledgements Bristol Myers Squibb Department of Health and Children Irish Heart Foundation Contents 2 Summary 3 Introduction Section 1 Mortality from Ischaemic Heart Disease in Ireland: 4 Current Status 6 Trends in Rates over 50 years 8 Trends in Numbers and Rates over 50 years Section 2 Morbidity from Ischaemic Heart Disease in Ireland: 10 Current Status and Health Service Implications 12 Trends in Hospital Discharges and Bed Days used over time 13 Discussion 15 Bibliography Heart For PDF 5/9/2 ...

N A M E : SHERRI SELPH A G E : 49 D I S E A S E : CONGESTIVE HEART FAILURE S TA G E : END STAGE Sherri Selph was 41 when she was first diagnosed with second-stage congestive heart failure. However, her rapidly diminishing health led to a diagno- sis of end-stage heart disease . A heart transplant was not an option. Survival statistics for patients with Sherri’s condition are grim. Even with the best treatment available, only 50 percent of heart failure patients live beyond a year. Her doctor suggested that Sherri enroll in the clinical trial, Randomized Evaluation of Mechanical Assistance in Congestive Heart Failure or REMATCH. Of the 22 university medical centers participating in this National Institutes of Health/Thoratec Corporation study, none was near Sherri’s South Carolina home, and personal finances ...

Coronary Heart Disease Guidance for implementing the preventive aspects of the National Service Framework Page 2 The Health Development Agency The Health Development Agency (HDA) is a special health authority with a remit to improve the health of people in England and in particular, to reduce inequalities in health. It achieves this by: • Working with key statutory and non-statutory organisations at national, regional and local level • Finding out what works and maintaining this evidence base • Turning the evidence into action by building up the skills and capacity of those working to improve the public’s health • Advising on the setting of standards for public health planning and practice. Page 3 Contents iii INTRODUCTION Methods used to develop the guidance 1 Focusing ...

Spring 2002 HEARTBEAT 11 I f you’re like most women, you may think heart disease is a man’s disease . But it’s the No. 1 cause of death for American women. Consider these staggering statistics • One out of five women has some form of cardiovascu- lar ( heart and blood vessel) disease . • Heart disease and stroke kill over half a million women in the United States every year — more than the next 14 causes of death combined . They kill nearly twice as many women as all forms of cancer. • One woman in eight will develop breast cancer during her lifetime, and one in 28 will die of it. Almost one in every two deaths of women is from heart disease , stroke or other cardiovascular diseases . • The rates of coronary heart disease in women after menopause are two to three times those of women the same age before menopause. ...

In the UK and worldwide, coronary heart disease remains the single leading cause of death and a major cause of disability. Our group’s objective is to help identify new risk factors that will improve prediction and prevention of coronary heart disease . The focus is on blood-based markers, including various plasma components, such as markers of inflammation, clotting, and lipid metabolism, and variants in genes related to these and other processes. We evaluate a large number of molecular hypotheses by conducting quantitative liter- ature-based reviews to help prioritise hypotheses and enhance interpretation of existing data. For example, our previous meta-analyses of about 20 different plasma components and variants in several genes have identified about a half dozen molecules that warrant further investigation (as well as identifying several ‘high-profile’ hypotheses ...

Life course perspectives on coronary heart disease , stroke and diabetes WHO/NMH/NPH/01.4 ORIGINAL: ENGLISH DISTR.: GENERAL Ageing and Life Course Department of Noncommunicable Diseases Prevention and Health Promotion Noncommunicable Diseases and Mental Health Cluster WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION Key issues and implications for policy and research SUMMARY REPORT OF A MEETING OF EXPERTS 2–4 MAY 2001 ACCUMULA TED NCD RISK AGE Page 2 3 1 2 4 The risk of noncommunicable diseases accumulates with age and is influenced by factors acting at all stages of the life span. The main factors at different stages of life include the following: 1 Fetal Life fetal growth, maternal nutritional status, socioeconomic position at birth ...

Life course perspectives on coronary heart disease , stroke and diabetes WHO/NMH/NPH/02.1 ORIGINAL: ENGLISH DISTR.: GENERAL Ageing and Life Course Department of Noncommunicable Diseases Prevention and Health Promotion Noncommunicable Diseases and Mental Health Cluster WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION The evidence and implications for policy and research ACCUMULA TED NCD RISK AGE Page 2 The risk of noncommunicable diseases accumulates with age and is influenced by factors acting at all stages of the life span. The main factors at different stages of life include the following: 1 Fetal Life fetal growth, maternal nutritional status, socioeconomic position at birth 2 Infancy and Childhood growth rate, breastfeeding infectious diseases , unhealthy diet, lack of physical activity, ...

Abstract: Homocysteine was found to be an independent risk factor for coronary artery disease in many epidemiological studies. The aim of the present study was to examine the relationship between total homocysteine levels and premature coronary artery disease events. A case - control study was carried out in patients aged 35 to 50 years with angiographically shown coronary heart disease and in age and sex matched control subjects with normal coronary angiography. Samples from 38 patients with coronary heart disease , and their paired controls were analyzed for homocysteine. Plasma homocysteine was measured by high performance liquid chromatography. Mean serum total homocysteine was slightly higher in cases (16.7 mmol/L) than in controls (15.9 mmol/L), but the difference did not reach statistical significance (P=0.6). Twenty (52.6%) coronary heart ...

Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology National University Hospital 5 Lower Kent Ridge Road Singapore 119074 S Chew, MBBS, MMed (O&G), MRACOG Consultant S C Ng, MBBS, MMed (O&G), FRCOG Professor Correspondence to: Dr Stephen Chew Tel: (65) 779 5555 Fax: (65) 779 4753 Email: obgchews@ nus.edu.sg Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT) and Ischaemic Heart Disease : Getting to the Heart of the Matter S Chew, S C Ng ABSTRACT Numerous observational studies have previously shown that estrogen therapy (ERT) or estrogen/ progestin hormone replacement therapy (HRT) can significantly reduce the risk of Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) in healthy postmenopausal women by up to 50%. However, due to statistical limitations inherent in these earlier studies, ...

1 and 2 must be present. Factors from 3 will add supporting documentation. 1. Is the patient optimally treated with diuretics and vasodilators, usually angiotensin-converting enzymes (ACE ) inhibitors? (Optimally treated means that patients who are not on vasodila- tors have a medical reason for refusing these drugs, e.g., hypotension or renal disease .) 2. Does the patient have significant or recurrent congestive heart failure (CHF) at rest, and is classified as New York Heart Association (NYHA) Class IV? _ (Class IV is defined as: patients with heart disease who have an inability to carry on any physical activity without discomfort. Symptoms of heart failure or of the anginal syndrome may be present even at rest. If any physical activity is undertaken, discomfort is increased.) 3. Documentation of the following factors will support eligibility for hospice care: __Ejection fraction < 20% (normal ...

H E L P I N G Y O U L E A R N M O R E A B O U T Y O U R H E A LT H This year, about 1.5 million Americans will suffer a heart attack; about one-third of these patients will die. Heart disease occurs when arteries that the heart depends on to provide oxygen- rich blood and nutrients necessary for life begin to narrow. The cause of the narrowing is plaque, a wax- like substance that deposits on the walls of the artery. When they start to become blocked, a heart attack is often the result, usually from a clot that has become trapped in a shrunken pathway. This progressive condition is known as atherosclerosis, and is the first step in Coronary Heart Disease . Risk Factors If you haven’t been diag- nosed with heart disease but want to know how to prevent it, here is a list of risk factors that could ...

Microbes implicated in heart disease Last year, a research team offered some of the first molecular evidence to support the provocative idea that heart disease could stem from infections with bacteria that cause chlamydia. Now, the group suggests that other microbes might cause heart problems in the same way. In the earlier work, Josef M. Penninger of the University of Toronto and his colleagues discov- ered that part of a protein made by chlamydia bacteria resembles a piece of a protein in human heart tissue. Injecting mice with the bacterial protein produces an immune reaction against their own hearts and blood vessels. While the illness seen in the animals isn’t the same as atheroscle- rosis, Penninger suggested that an immune response against the microbes’ heartlike protein might still explain the evidence linking chlamydia infections to human heart disease . Yet many people with ...

H E L P I N G Y O U L E A R N M O R E A B O U T Y O U R H E A LT H Heart Disease Heart disease is the leading cause of death for American men and women. There are several conditions, which can affect the heart . Coronary artery disease is a narrowing of the arteries of the heart . Blood flow through diseased arteries is reduced, leading to angina (chest pain) or heart attack (death of a part of the heart muscle from lack of oxygen). Arrhythmias, or irregular heart beats, interfere with the ability of the heart to work efficiently. A heart rhythm may be too slow (bradycardia) or too fast (tachycardia). Cardiomyopathy is an inflammation of the heart muscle. In its most common form, the heart ’s ventricles (cham- bers) are stretched and enlarged. Blood flow through the ...

This issue summary should be used in conjunction with the IHS “Heritage and Health” and “IHS Profile” documents, available at http://info.ihs.gov February 2001 HEART DISEASE & STROKES ISSUE Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) used to be rare among American Indians and Alaska Natives. The current rates of coronary heart disease (including acute myocardial infarction and unstable angina) are rapidly and dramatically increasing. CVD has now become the leading cause of death among American Indians and Alaska Natives. BACKGROUND As recently as 40 years ago, the rates of CVD in American Indians and Alaska Natives were exceedingly low, due to a history of low rates of cardiovascular risk factors, including diabetes, hypertension, and hypercholesterolemia. However, over the past several decades, the incidence and prevalence ...

heart diseases heart disease Heart Disease & Hypertension Heart disease in the Pacific Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the first or second leading cause of death in most Pacific Island countries and territories. It is also a common cause of sickness and ill health. Rates are increasing in most countries in the region. What is coronary heart disease ? Coronary heart diseases (CHDs) are diseases that affect the heart and the heart ?s blood vessels. Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are diseases that affect the heart and all the blood vessels in the body. CVD includes CHD and strokes (strokes will not be discussed in this section because they are closely linked to high blood pressure. See information in ?High Blood Pressure? below). CHD occurs when the heart muscle does not get enough blood. This happens mostly ...

® STROKE AND HEART DISEASE HAVE SHADOWED THE LOPEZ FAMILY FOR OVER A DECADE Ponte Vedra, FL (March 24, 1998) -- Still going strong in her 21-year LPGA career, Nancy Lopez was recently presented with the 1998 Bob Jones Award. During her career, she has been elected to the LPGA Hall of Fame, named "Golfer of the Decade" from 1978- 1988, won "Player of the Year" honors four times, and has collected 48 career victories. But despite all of her professional accomplishments, there is one victory Lopez is constantly fighting to win -- the battle against stroke and heart disease . Lopez’s personal struggle with the two diseases has changed her life forever. Not only has Lopez changed her own lifestyle, but she has touched the lives of many others through her help in increas- ing the awareness of cardiovascular disease and risk factors. Her personal struggle goes back to her first tournament ...

? The term “Latino” is used here to refer to individuals of Central American, Cuban, Mexican, Puerto Rican, South American, Dominican, and Spanish Ancestry. 5 __ HEART DISEASE AND STROKE AMONG LATINOS IN CALIFORNIA AND THE U.S. _ DID YOU KNOW Both in California 1 and nationwide, 2 heart disease and stroke kill more Latino men and women than any other disease ; The Latino population is young (32% of Latinos in California are under the age of 18, as opposed to 20% of non-Latinos. 3 ) Because the risk of developing heart disease and stroke rises with age, heart disease and stroke are expected to increase among Latinos over the next 20 years; 3,4 Many Latinos are not aware of lifestyle changes that can prevent or control their risk of developing ...

__ HEART DISEASE AND STROKE AMONG AFRICAN AMERICANS IN CALIFORNIA AND THE U.S. _ DID YOU KNOW Both in California 1 and nationwide, 2 heart disease and stroke kill more African American men and women than any other disease ; Heart disease occurs at an earlier age in African Americans. Below the age of 50, death rates are 50% higher in African American men and 100% higher in African American women than in their white counterparts; 3 Death rates from heart disease and stroke have declined in both white and African American populations since the 1960’s, but the success has been unequal. After 1978, the decline in deaths from heart disease and stroke among African American men and women slowed significantly. 3 Lack of awareness of heart disease and its symptoms may ...

__ HEART DISEASE AND STROKE AMONG AMERICAN INDIANS AND ALASKA NATIVES IN CALIFORNIA AND THE U.S. _ DID YOU KNOW Both in California 1 and nationwide, 2 heart disease and stroke kill more American Indian men and women than any other disease . Heart disease and stroke have only recently become prevalent among American Indians. As more native people adopt Western lifestyles characterized by a high-fat, high-calorie diet and low levels of physical activity, they have begun to struggle with the health burden of heart disease , stroke, and associated risk factors. 3 Many American Indians face problems that make it hard to adopt a “ heart -healthy” lifestyle. For example: they may live in remote rural areas or low-income urban areas where access to health care and preventive services is limited; their ...

__ HEART DISEASE AND STROKE AMONG ASIAN AMERICANS AND PACIFIC ISLANDERS IN CALIFORNIA AND THE U.S. DID YOU KNOW Combined, heart disease and stroke kill more Asian American and Pacific Islanders (AAPI) than any other disease . 1 Risk factors, disease , and death from heart disease and stroke vary broadly between AAPI ethnic subgroups. 2 Death rates and percentage of total deaths for heart disease by race: 7 reporting states. 1 ¨ Ethnic Subgroup Rate of Deaths from Heart Disease ** Percentage of Deaths from Heart Disease Death Rates from Cerebro- vascular disease ** Percentage Deaths from Cerebro- vascular disease ** All races (including non-API) 272.8 33.4% ¨ ...

Heart Healthy Choices The Centers for Disease Control r e c e n t ly reported that the probab i l- ity of a child born today eve n t u a l ly dying from a major cardiova s c u l a r disease is 47%. S u ch a stagg e ri n g s t atistic is even more troubling con- s i d e ring that the major risk fa c t o rs for cardiovascular disease (CVD) are almost entirely controllabl e. In fa c t , the body’s unique ch e m i s t ry is specific a l ly designed to countera c t the ve ry fa c t o rs that lead to CVD. U n fo r t u n at e ly, the ave rage diet lack s the nutrients necessary for the body to perform these elab o rat e, l i fe - s aving biochemical processes. Poor diet, however, does not have to be a death sentence. Numerous s c i e n t i fic studies and repeated cl i n i c a l t rials show that targeted nutri t i o n a l supplementation is a safe, effective ...

State Rankings of Heart Disease Mortality among Women A Page 2 194 Women and Heart Disease State Ranking of Heart Disease Death Rates for All Women Alabama 33,033 1,136,130 445 47 Alaska 862 122,878 285 2 Arizona 22,259 1,087,171 339 13 Arkansas 20,381 667,464 413 32 California 169,912 7,455,185 373 25 Colorado 15,150 955,382 296 4 Connecticut 25,265 905,238 371 23 Delaware 4,908 187,157 431 37 Dist. of Columbia 4,577 153,763 444 46 Florida 114,975 4,079,724 353 16 Georgia 42,632 1,785,363 440 42 Hawaii 4,640 297,222 297 5 Idaho 5,614 279,469 323 ...

Heart Disease and You — Facts about food choices and health habits PM 1861 February 2001 Cardiovascular or heart disease is the leading cause of death in Iowa. 34 Iowans die daily due to different forms of heart disease . Improved diagnosis and medical care have helped many patients, but the battle will continue as long as the majority of Americans have one or more risk factors. For example, among Iowa adults, • 81.4 percent eat fewer than five fruits and vegetables daily, • about 60 percent are completely sedentary or do not exercise enough, • 56.7 percent are over- weight, and • 23.4 percent are smokers. Heart disease is not common before age 40, but its onset may begin during early childhood. Fatty streaks in the arterial walls have been found in five-year-olds. During ...

Controlling Risk Factors for Heart Disease There are some factors that increase your risk for heart disease over which you have no control. Being male, a woman after menopause, an African-American, and getting older, or having a family history of heart disease are risk factors you cannot change. However, you do have control over the most common factors that increase your risk for heart disease - obesity, high blood fats or blood pressure, smoking and physical inactivity. Obesity or Overweight Being obese or overweight makes your heart work harder and makes you more likely to have high blood pressure, diabetes and high blood fats. Avoid weight gain, especially as you get older, if you are already at a desirable weight. If you are more than 20% heavier than your desirable weight, or are a woman with a waist size greater than 35 inches, or man with a waist ...

A NATIONAL CONTRACT ON HEART DISEASE AND STROKE HEART DISEASE AND STROKE: Social and economic interventions POLICY SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS OF RELEVANT EVIDENCE REFERENCES Heart Disease and Stroke 1 Government and National Players can: H1 Continue to make smoking cost more through taxation Higher cigarette prices reduce cigarette consumption. a However, the effect of increasing prices differs across demographic groups; more marked reduction in consumption is shown with increasing price amongst women and young people. b In the poorest groups, an increase in price produces significant hardship for those who do not curtail their consumption. b * a. Chaloupka FJ, Wechsler H. Price, tobacco control policies and smoking among adults. Journal of Health Economics 1997;16:359-73 ...

1 110399 E very day, more than 4,000 Americans suffer a heart at- tack. Those who survive often go on to have another one later on. But this need not happen. Eating habits and other parts of our lifestyle play a large role in the risk of heart disease . The good news is that heart disease can usually be prevented and even reversed. Atherosclerosis A therosclerosis is the all-too-common form of heart dis- ease in which plaques of cholesterol and other substances, very much like small tumors, form in the artery walls. Even- tually, the passageway for blood becomes clogged. Less blood flow means less oxygen for the heart muscle. Chest pain (an- gina) occurs, usually following exercise or excitement. When the blood supply is completely cut off, a part of the heart muscle dies—this is known as a heart attack. Atherosclerosis ...

The Impact of Heart Disease on Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders Page 2 From “Addressing Cardiovascular Health in Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders: A Background Report” NIH Publication No. 00-3647 “Asian American and Pacific Islander Workshops Summary Report on Cardiovascular Health” NIH Publication No. 00-3793 For more information, contact: The National Heart , Lung, and Blood Institute Health Information Network P.O. Box 30105, Bethesda, MD 20824-0105 Tel: (301) 592-8573 Fax: (301) 592-8563 www.nhlbi.nih.gov Background Reports Page 3 Source: U.S. Bureau of Census, 1992. Chinese 22% Filipino 19% Japanese 12% Korean 11% Other Asian 11% Vietnamese 9% Asian Indian 11% Pacific Islander ...

Return to The Canadian Heart Health initiative | Main Page Page 2 Page 3 WOMEN, HEART DISEASE AND STROKE IN CANADA: ISSUES AND OPTIONS The Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada (HSFC) is dedicated to furthering the study, prevention and reduction of disability and death from heart disease and stroke through research, education and the promotion of healthy lifestyles. While it is becoming more recognized that women are vulnerable to cardiovascular disease (CVD), albeit with a later age of onset than men, it is not widely known that each year nearly as many women as men die from CVD in Canada. Since the 1960s, mortality from CVD has been declining in women of all ages – however, the increase in smoking by younger women raises concerns about an increased ...